ROLE OF VILLAGE CONSULTATIVE BOARD ( BPD ) IN VILLAGE ADMINISTRATION OF JANGGOLAN VILLAGES ( Study in Sub-District of Sumpiuh Banyumas Region ) Ω

Janggolan village is a village with limited locally generated revenue. In Sumpiuh sub-district there are 14 villages, 3 of which are the village of Janggolan. Village Fund Provision Policy in Law Number 6 Year 2014 on Villages affect on the performance of village apparatus and the quality of village community participation, while the Village Consultative Board (BPD) is expected to be an institution capable of playing role in village development. The problem is how the role of BPD in the implementation of Village Governance in the Janggolan village. The research was conducted by applying qualitative method with action research strategy. The results show that the Village Funds assisted the physical village development and work scheme but did not change the people attitude. BPD makes use of rembug warga (deliberation), selapanan (a traditional ceremony to commemorate a 35-day-old baby), and village meetings to accommodate aspirations and control the village. Yet they do not solve the village problems. The role of BPD in Janggolan village more focused on the absorption of people's aspirations. The internal constraints are low quality of members of BPD while the external constraints that BPD has not effectively performed.


Introduction
Basic arrangements on village are diversity, participation, indigenous autonomy, democratization and community empowerment.that in their procedures and responsibilities are submitted to the Regent through the sub-district head and are obliged to provide accountability reports to the Village Consultative Board (in Indonesia referred as the Village Consultative Board and abbreviated as BPD).
The practice of village administration based on Law Number 6 of 2014 on Villages (in Indonesia referred as Village Law) currently tends to focus more on the village head and village apparatus.This situation occurs because in general the BPD is still weak in carrying out the functions of village government comparing to the village head and its equipment.Factors contributing to the weakness of BPD are: lack of human resources capacity of BPD, inadequate BPD work facilities, small BPD member income or allowances, and no policy to strengthen BPD position in carrying out its functions. 1ased on the provisions of Law Number 6 of 2014 on Villages, the BPD's position is as an institution performing the functions of government whose members represent the representatives of the villagers on the basis of territorial representation and democratically established.By the aforementioned concept, there is BPD shifted function that is from legal function to political function.
The function of BPD according to the Village Law is to accommodate people aspirations, to plan the Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget (in Indonesia called Revenue and Expenditure Budget and APBDes), and to oversee the village administration, while the task is to hold village meetings (musdes) with the participants consisting of village heads, village group tools, and community leaders.The number of participants depends on the situation of each village.Village deliberation serves as a forum for togetherness and discusses all village policies.
BPD is expected to become a new political forum for villagers and build a democratic tradition, as well as a village public policy-making venue as well as a means of control for governance and development processes at village level.This can be materialized if the BPD as a partner of the Village Head plays an active role in building the village together with the village head and the community. 2anyumas regency consists of 27 districts which are further divided into 301 villages and 1 Ombi Romli dan Elly Nurlia, "Lemahnya Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD) dalam Meaksanakan Fungsi Pemerintahan Desa (Studi Desa Tegalwangi Kecamatan Menes Kabupaten Pandeglang)", CosmoGov Journal of Governmental Science, Vol. 3 No.1, 2017, p.36-53.   2 Rico Masuara, "Pelaksanaan Fungsi Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD) dalam Penyelenggaraan Pemerintahan 30 urban villages.Among these villages, there are 30 villages in Banyumas District with Janggolan status spread over 8 (eight) sub-districts. 3 Janggolan village is a village with very limited original village income or it can even be said to be a village that is unable to finance the operation of village administration due to the limited source of the village's original income (PADS).In other words, Janggolan is lack of bengkok land.For villagers who do not work on bengkok fields or their original source of income is limited, the main income source of Village Head and his apparatus rely on Regional Minimum Wage District (UMRK).Out of eight districts, the target of the research is the village of Janggolan in Sumpiuh Sub-district, Ketanda Village, Bogangin Village and Banjarpanepen Village.Sumpiuh District is a district located in the east of Banyumas regency.Banyumas Regent's Regulation Number 80 Year 2014 on Fixed Income, Allowances, Income and Award of Village Head and Village Apparatus in Article 1 number 5 states that Janggolan Village is a Village of which original source of the village is mostly derived from local villagers.Furthermore, in Article 7 of Supplementary Income, in paragraph (3) it mentions that Janggolan Additional Income of Village Head and Apparatus will be provided through special assistance as stipulated by Decision of Regent.
Janggolan Village has its own uniqueness because their income dependence on the contribution of citizens both from crops and land ownership.Along with the enactment of the Village Law, the Central Government has outlined policies to the direction of village development.
Some of the policies outlined by the Center are policies on village development guidelines, village finance management guidelines, village development priorities, and substantial funding support from the Center and also the assistance from the District or Province.The policy will certainly make the perception of the Desa (Suatu Studi di Desa Bolangitang Satu Kecamatan Bolangitang Barat Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Utara)", Jurnal Politico, Vol. 1 No. 4, 2014, p.1-8.village community, especially about village finance which will change or shift and it is possible that the work ethic of the village apparatus in the village also change.Accordingly, this article discusses the role of BPD in the implementation of Village Governance in the village Janggolan.

Research methods
This study uses a qualitative approach considering its advantages in constructing social reality, cultural meaning, focusing on interactive processes and events,4 as well as high flexibility for researchers when determining research steps.Qualitative research is a study aimed at understanding social reality, in seeing the world from what it is, not the world that should be, then a qualitative researcher must be those who have an open minded character.Therefore, conducting qualitative research means providing a window to understand the world psychology and social reality.
Qualitative research is used to comprehend the social phenomenon in participant point of view.It means qualitative research is a research used to examine the condition of natural object where the observer is the main instrument.Thus, the researchers must knew the theory and have good knowledge to formulate question, analyze and construct the natural object more clearly.The location of research is in Sumpiuh Sub-district Banyumas Regency.Sumpiuh Sub-district consist of 14 (fourteen) villages, 3 (three) of which are janggolan villages that is Ketanda Village, Banjar Panepen Village and Bogangin Village.
It is action research in line with the research purpose and problem by identifying an issue and problem related to the village council roles in conducting village government in janggolan village in Banyumas Region according to the Village Law.Action research on action with the goal of making that action more effective, the word action is the act of intervention that designed to solve the problems.5

Discussion
Sumpiuh Sub-district as the research site consists of 14 (fourteen) villages and 3 (three) of which are janggolan village covering Ketanda Village, Banjar Panepan Village and Bogangin Village.Janggolan village has its own uniqueness; due to their limited village revenue, they largely rely on people contribution for the village revenue.Despite all the limitations and constraints, the village administration has been running properly.By the establishment of Village Law, the village administration received fund from the Central beside from the Regency and Province fund.The regulation absolutely will affect the villagers' perception and the village government work ethic might change.Hence, the BPD as the village government organizer must take an action so the existence of the janggolan village with their essence remains preserved.It might be possible the center policy direction about the village will change following the government policy.Therefore, BPD as the government village organizer must take an action to preserve the existence of janggolan.

Implementation of BPD Roles in Village Administration in Ketanda Village
Ketanda village is one of villages in the north of sub-district center.Ketanda village has a configuration of mountainous area with 500 heights above sea level (plateau); some part of Ketanda Village is laterite and rocky land.The distance between Ketanda Village and the subdistrict is about 7 km.
The population of the village is 6.805 people comprising 3462 men and 3.342 women.Most of them are farmer (1.207 people), the average of education is elementary school (3.735 people), for the head of village, apparatus and BPD are majority Senior High School graduate.From the table above we can see that the original village income is Rp.103.500.000,-, the result of ex-Bengkok is Rp.78.000.000,-, from the village cash is Rp.35.500.000,-andothers income is Rp.2.000.000,-.While from the fund transfer is Rp.1.322.420.443,-.From that amount it can be said that 99% Ketanda Village is aided by fund transfer.It means the village administration is largely aided by fund transfer.
On the one hand, the fund transfer regulation has changed the village, on the other hand the regulation affects the societal participation.The fact that the village received 1 billion rupiah fund makes perception among people that the village does not need their cash contribution anymore.This perception will affect the society desire to participate in developing their village.Certainly, it becomes the BPD duty to restore the social role in developing their village.
Generally, the village administration sector so far was conducted including community mentoring, community institution, office organization and village administrative.It involves people participation in formulating the activities or program through submission of development planning of each neighborhood.The cooperation with the village institutions increases.The process of the village development plan assignment including: first, the social aspiration is delivered in the neighborhood meeting; second, the head of neighborhood proposed the result of the meeting to the head of hamlet; third, the head of hamlet make priority scale of the development in their area; fourth, the community empowerment board makes development priority scale based on the result of hamlet.Development Program Realization is not effectively implemented because: first, frequently changing regulation, it raises problems to conduct and socialize to society; second, low development awareness by some people; development priority scale stated in Medium-Term Regional Development Plan Document is 90% included in physical development; and the third, the limited of human resource competence.
To minimize the current problems, BPD and local government has done some efforts including: first, conducting socialization of law, government regulation, regional regulation, village regulation and other regulations through various meetings; second, implementing founding to society through various forum meetings on the importance of development; third, maintaining routine activities in society such as forum of Quran recitation, village inner meeting, the meeting of neighborhood association in the level of administrative association; fourth, involving village apparatus on training; fifth, socializing the importance of self-support and improve social awareness; and sixth, arranging a more detailed development planning to avoid cash expulsion due to unstable cost of materials.
The other result shows that there is no specific information about the main tasks of organization (Tupoksi) BPD in Ketanda village in conducting its duty and function.Rather, BPD only copies the previous BPD which is agreed with the current situation and condition.The routine internal meeting of BPD committee cannot be done due to average of BPD members which are already aged and other activities among members.
To some extent, local government is less accommodating to the existence of BPD.The implementation of village meeting that forces BPD members to attend is frequently done without prior notification.It makes BPD members less understand the topics of the meeting.Besides, it seems that the BPD members attendance is least expected and deemed to hinder the decision making.
BPD's position as local institute that holds society trust is expected to run its function well in implementing legislation function, budget function and supervision function to prevent local government deviations, especially in managing village's finance as well as the management of finance allocation.In return, it is able to increase the accountability of the management of village's finance allocation and the implementation of village finance allocation can be implemented effectively bringing villagers prosperity. 6hose problem would not have occurred if a good and intensive communication between local government and BPD established.Critics and suggestion as well as advises addressed by BPD member whether it is in village meeting or society discussion should be responded positively.Local government should be grateful because the more critical BPD is, the more secure the local government will be.
The implementation of local law to some extent has changed people perspective about the implementation of village development.They prefer working than serving the society.Ideally they should make use of the current facility to maximize society's prosperity because the society priority is infrastructure.Thus, BPD plays its role to increase people participation in development.
The next important meeting that can be used is local deliberation.Local deliberation is a deliberation at village level, public figure, religion figure that is done by BPD to discuss important matters such as the formulation of village development planning, deliberation of midlevel development plan of village, budget income plan and village outcome and other important policies that will be put in a local regulation.
On one side, the presence and progress of BPD is still covered by several contradictory problems that have a potential to become a doubled-eyed sword for democracy process.Village complication is mostly about formality and legality problems, social base of BPD members, 6 Siti Istiqomah."Efektivitas Kinerja Badan Permusyawaratan Desa dalam Meningkatkan Akuntabilitas Pengelolaan Keuangan Desa".Jurnal Unair.Vol. 3 No. 1. January-April 2015, p. 7. 7 Dian Pramana Putra, "Pengawasan Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD) dalam Pengelolaan Alokasi Dana Desa internal dynamic as well as its interaction between external parties.The matters of implementing BPD's decision in conducting local government this far, in a discussion of formulation of local regulation and local chief regulation, people might say, is not as expected. 7n relation with Ketanda Village status as Janggolan village, in 2015, there were a windmill of Janggolan with the basic agreement between neighborhood association and not the local government.Neighborhood association does not have fund for its operation so it is out of charge.For neighborhood association finance can actually be taken from village real income.However local law is not possible to use village finance for the operation of the neighborhood association.
As the local law runs, every charge related to implementation of services in the village is wiped off.Next, local law entrusts that all village development program whether it is physical or non-physical as well as other finance policies must be put into income budget plan and village outcome.This mandate insists that all village plan is discussed and settled step by step from the formulation of mid-level village development, local government work plan until income budget plan and village outcome in local discussion forum led by BPD.

Implementation of BPD Roles in Village Administration in Banjarnepen Village
Banjarpanepen Village is a one of villages in Sumpiuh sub-district, Banyumas regency, in a mountain range area.The distance between Banjarnepen village and the sub-district center is about 5 Km.The area of Bajarnepen village is 1.720 ha.The population of Banjarnepen village has changed at the beginning of the year 2015 which initially 6.021 population, after the mutation including moving, coming, born, died, at the end of the year 2015 Banjarnepen village is about 5.975 population.The majority are far- Village Government implementation in Banjarnepen village generally has been conducted.The strict allocation of transfer fund pushes the Village Government to do thorough fund allocation.Consequently, people aspiration on the development especially physical development cannot be all accommodated.However, the absorption process of community aspiration persists.
Regarding its location, some area are hardly accessed.They have to ride motorcycle with challenging road condition to reach village office.This also influences the information access for the villagers.Besides, BPD is not able to accommodate people aspiration well.
Providing village fund through village law already changed the village.Previously, due to least operational cost, the village office can only serve twice in a week that is Monday and Thurs-8 Siska Dewi Agustin, "Peran Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD) dalam Proses Sinergisitas dengan Kepala Desa untuk Membangun Pemerintahan yang Demokratis di De-day.The BPD meeting intensity is very low.They will hold a meeting if is invited by Village Government.The meeting was already done just to fulfill the requirement to the validity of village result.BPD holds coordination meeting with government for mandatory matters like Village Medium-Term Development Plans, Village Government Work Plans, and Village Government Budget or The Village implementation report.To facilitate people aspiration, BPD conducted the meeting at Neighborhood and Hamlet level.After the village fund is available, the Village Government and BPD intensively coordinated.BPD start to conduct internal meeting (3 times in a month) and other incidental meeting with Village Government if needed.
People aspiration has been accommodated in terms of physical and non-physical development.Physical development includes constructing road concrete rebate; village hall renovation; bridge construction; the construction of retaining broad safety, while for non-physical developments cover Independent Business groups; household industry; Trading Business; Art Group; Sport Group; Increasing the quality of village trade economy management by improving the management and administration and workshop.
To many extents, people do not notice the availability of the Village Funds.Rather, they are busied with their daily work.Seeing this, BPD attempts to gather information through traditional practices such as neighborhood meeting, selapanan, etc.It aims to run village governance democratically.
Village discussion is the highest forum to take the result of problems village strategic.In realizing the implementation of democracy, the result was taken by discussion to get the agreement and in the implementation of Village Consultative Board in order to can accommodate the society to participate in the development and village consultative administration, the participation of society in development activities is expected. 8sa Matekan Kecamatan Besuk Kabupaten Probolinggo", Jurnal Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan, Vol. 2, Number 1, 2013, tersedia di: http://jurnal-online.um.ac.id/data/

Implementation of BPD in Village Administration in Bogangin village
Village government is a front line of village government system.Implementing village administration must be accommodate people aspiration through BPD.BPD is a place for accommodating the villager aspiration.BPD itself demanded to be an aspirator between villager and government.This function is realized by BPD in making process of village regulation by accommodating community aspiration.The relation between BPD and head of the village is a colleague.They have to corporate in conducting the village administration.All of the government activities from making and conducting the policy must be transparent and easier to monitor.This important role involves BPD for keeping the government accountability and balance. 9PD consists of regional representative and woman representative, which is a mandate from representative chosen by woman community, although it has not effectively accommodated since it is inconvenient to have meeting at night.BPD recruitment is done by committee through stipulation letter from Head of Village and officiated by regent stipulation letter.The number of BPD is odd, 5 to 9 people.BPD period is 6 years and can be chosen for three periods subsequently.
BPD have duties to discuss, agree, accommodate aspiration and monitor, and perform a harmonious work relationship between government and other institution.They deserve to monitor and ask for information about government implementation towards village government which is done by BPD as a board not in person.The members of BPD can only use BPD in BPD discussion.
The village government performance consists of head of village assisted by village staff and BPD.BPD is a democratic realization in villaartikel/artikelE0B3549E2D34834A56EBF3362DBD19F2.pdf, diakses 25 September 2017.
ge.It means that village government must consider people aspiration in running the administration.BPD functions to stipulate village regulation along with village head, accommodate community aspiration and monitoring.Hence, BPD as an institution which comes from villager besides doing their function as a bridge between village head and villager, they can also be an institution of community representation. 10BPD's role with the function and authority in discussing and stipulating the design of village regulation along with village head is a policy and law framework in conducting village government. 11he ideal and unified relationship pattern should be established for the prosperity and reach democratic government as well as the convenience in running the administration.The village administration must pay attention to colleague relationship within the government itself.Building democratic government between village head and BPD, they have to cooperate and share the perspectives. 12ogangin village is one of villages located in Sumpiuh district.Bogangin village is inhabited by 6805 people which consist of 3462 men and 3342 women.From the population majority, they are farmers (1207 people) and labour/private sector (1893 people).From the education, the majority are primary school degree (3735 people) and junior high school (1092 people), for village government and BPD are senior high school graduates.
In contrast with Ketanda and Banjarpanen village, Bogangin is a village Janggolan which located nearer to downtown.Besides, Bogangin becomes one and only janggolan village in Sumpiuh district that have irrigated rice fields.In other words, compared to others village, Bogangin is more advanced.Nonetheless, Bogangin also has limited financial capacity.According to the discussion result with Bogangin village governmnet, Bogangin villagers, public figure, and BPD member of Bogangin village, the researcher obtains much information about BPD role in Bogangin.Several ways to accommodate aspiration by BPD are: first, is by household meeting.This meeting is a regular activity and in this meeting BPD comes as ordinary community in each of their environment.Since the number of households far more than the number of BPD member, the aspiration absorption focused on each BPD household.
Second, by the meeting every 35 days which is held on Thursday Pon or known as ponponan, it is attended by BPD, Village head, Vil-13 Emilda Firdaus, "Badan Permusyawaratan Desa dalam Tiga Periode Pemerintahan di Indonesia", Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Vol. 2 No. 2, 2011, p. 6. lage staff, element of social institutions such as households, hamlet, and youth organization, public figure, and so on.The mechanism of this ponponan are divided into twice; in the afternoon or Selapan pre-meeting in the village office and attended by village government and BPD, and at night will be conducted a meeting in the village office and attended by all of institution elements.At first ponponan was held around by switching the place in all of BPD member houses, and for formal meeting between BPD and village government just conducted incidentally if there any specific problems.
Third, is Tarweh Keliling (doing Tarweh/ Tarawih prayer in roving movement) by utilizing tarweh prayer moment in Ramadan month.In this situation BPD or village staffs focused on giving information according to general problem of village government implementation or other public problems.
BPD role with their function and authority in discussing and stipulating the regulation design with village head is a policy and law to conduct village government and its development. 13PD becomes a new place for village authority, representative, and democracy.BPD comes as a critic toward LMD.BPD formation involves limited social participation.BPD becomes a better representative democratic place rather than village social institution (LMD in Indonesian).A long time ago LMD is a corporal institution which is led ex officio and dominated by village head, yet today village head is placed in executive while BPD in legislative.In other words, BPD brings a clear authority between village head as executive and BPD as legislative.BPD portrays elements of representative or groups in villager included 30% quota of women. 14he changes of village law in many aspects have changed the pattern and mechanism of work.The placement of excluding BPD as village government elements and become village government implementation is a right choice.Since with this new position, BPD have more flexible room to do their main duty and function 14 Academic manuscripts of Village Draft Law as representative institute whose duty accommodating people aspirations.
BPD positions is supported by the fact that BPD is an institution given mandate by village law as institutions that organize Village Deliberations.Village deliberation is the highest forum which is normative tool to BPD to discuss policies to be taken by the village.The BPD position shows more on their role in stipulating the village regulations where a regulation must be agreed by village head and BPD.This role becomes vital in terms that if a regulation design of a village is not in the right path with people aspiration, BPD can freely correct it.
The ideal position of BPD, which written in the village law, practically has not been fully implemented in village level, particularly in Janggolan village with financial problems.BPD in Janggolan village perform their duty and function largely based on work pattern by previous BPD with mechanism with the existing custom in the village.Education level of BPD member becomes one of the problems in understanding a regulation, aspiration distribution pattern and coordination pattern with village government or social institutions.

Conlusion
In conducting village government, BPD serves as agent of control, especially in BPD position as village deliberation organizer and in BPD authority to stipulate village regulation draft.BPD role starts from accommodating people aspiration through several ways.It should be noted that BPD is not element of village government anymore, thus BPD role more functions as people's aspiration distributor.In the Janggolan village located in Sumpiuh district, several ways to get people's aspiration are: first, there is a pama pami forum (you talk you listen); second, conduct a regular meeting with village government; third, conduct internal meeting in BPD; fourth, Selapanan forum/ponponan (every 35 days); fifth, meeting in households; and sixth, takes advantages from particular moment to give information such as tarweh keliling.

Suggestion
Development of village regulation in Indonesia must be responded by BPD member through improved human resources.Besides, BPD needs to more understand their village characteristics so they can easily determine aspiration pattern.
Village Law recognizes village autonomy or in other title.The village head is responsible for villager Ω This article is result of an Institutional Research funded by BLU Unsoed by Contract Number: 2280/UN23.14/PN/2017 March 1, 2017.

Table 1 .
The Realization of the Revenue in 2016 Source: LPPD of Ketanda Village Year 2016

Table 2 .
Realization of the Village Revenue years 2015